Improvement in stoves and furnaces



w. P. HALL. Heating Stdve.

Patented April 13, 1869.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIAM P. HALL, OF PIQUA, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN STOVES AND FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 88,867, dated April 13,1869.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM P. HALL, of Piqua, in the county of Miami,and in the State of Ohio, have invented'certain new and usefulImprovements in Stoves and Furnaces; and do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of referencemarked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in the construction and generalarrangement of a stove or furnace by which the perfect combustion of thegases is effected and the greatest amount of radiating-surface isobtained in the smallest possible space.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my inventionappertains to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe itsconstruction and operation, referring to the annexed drawings, whichform a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is alongitudinal vertical section. Fig. 2 is a front elevation. Fig. 3 is arear elevation. Fig. etis a vertical sectionof the fire-box. Fig. 5 is atransverse section of the feeder. Fig. 6 is a View of the under side ofthe bottom plate. Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the conducting-chamber.Fig. Sis a section of the bottom plate on the upper side. Fig. 9 is anenlarged view of the fire-box, showing the mode of supporting and.operating the grate; and Fig. 10 is a bottom view of the same.

A represents the bottom plate of the stove, which rests on legs B B orother suitable supports. This plate is on its upper side provided withtwo circular projecting flanges, a and a, of suitable size to receivewithin them and hold two cylinders, O and D. Within the flange a are twoopenings or apertures, b I), through the bottom A, which apertures maybe left open, or partially or wholly closed, for a purpose to behereinafter set forth. These openings are regulated by a slide ordamper, c, on the under side of the bottom plate.

The cylinder D, which is placed on the bottom plate, A, and fits insideof the circular flange a, is on its inner side, a suitable distanceabove its lower edge, provided with a flange extending around the same,on which flange an annular ring, (I, rests, the space be low said flangeand ring forming the ash-box E, and the upper part forming thefire-place.

The cylinder D is above the circular flange mentioned completelylinedwith brick throughout. This brick lining, however, is so placed as toleave a space between it and the cylinder itself. This space is filledwith woodashes, which readily pack firmly, forming a support for thebrick lining, and at the same time cause the cylinder to retain its heatfar more than if the brick were close to it.

Through the space thus lilled with woodashes are placed two tubes, 0 c,which extend the whole height of the cylinder from near its top downthrough the ring (1 and its supporting-flange to the bottom plate, A,where said tubes will be above the apertures b b, thus allowing twocurrents of air to pass upward from beneath the stove to the top of thecylinder. I

Instead of using tubes, I may so form the brick lining that when it isput together there shall be left two chambers or passages answering thesame purpose.

At such points inside of the cylinder D where combustion would at oncetake place if air were admitted to the flame, I make apertures i t inthe tubes 6 0, having corresponding openings in the brick lining, asshown in Fig. 1. The air is thus admitted not only at the top of thecylinder, but also at or near the center of the same.

I may here remark that the entire brick lining of the cylinder D restson the annular ring (I, and that the ash-box E is provided with asuitable opening to remove the ashes, and also to insert and take outthe grate.

The grate f is inserted through the opening to the ash-box E, and issupported at the rear side by a flange, g, extending downward and inwardfrom the annular ring (I; and the handle of the grate is held up by aflanged plate, h, which slides up and down on the sides of the ash-box,said plate being grooved or slotted for that purpose. The plate It isheld up in position by small supports 70 k, placed around the edges ofthe fire-box, so that they may be easily removed, the plate It lowered,and the grate removed, whenever so desired.

The curved door m, which closes the opening to the ash-box E, I intendto make with feet, so that it can be moved on the bottom plate, A, atany distance to and from the ash-' box. Within the circular flange a onthe bottom plate, A, is placed the cylinder 0, which is of the sameheight as the cylinder D, but has no interior arrangement of any kind,but is entirely empty, being a mere shell. At the lower end of thecylinder (3, on the rear side, is an opening, a, which leads into a boxor chamber, F, placed on or forming part of the bottom plate, A, in rearof and between the two cylinders O and D, said cylinders being placedside by side, as shown in the drawings.

From the top of the chamber F the stovepipe G leads into thechimney-flue, or to any point desired.

The opening in the box or chamber F, which leads into the cylinder 0, isprovided with a cut-off, by the use of which the said opening can bemade smaller or larger, as may be desired, but not entirely closed. Infront of and between the two cylinders O and D, a suitable height abovethe bottom plate, A, is placed a semicircular box or feeder, H, which issecured to both cylinders. The feeder H is open at top, and the fuel isthrown in through this opening, and falls on an inclined false bottom,0, through the mouth 1) of the cylinder D onto the grate.

It will, of course, be understood that the brick lining of said cylinderis open at the mouth or entrance, through which the fuel passes.

The feeder H is, above the inclined false bottom, provided with grating,consisting of perpendicular bars 1*, having a sliding grating of similarperpendicular bars 8, so that the spaces between the bars 1" 1" can bewholly or partially closed, as may be desired, or left open, having allthe advantages of an open grate in the room.

Under the false bottom 0 of the feeder is the regular bottom t, thespace between said bottoms being provided with two sliding doors, o 'u.

The fuel being put into the feeder H, it falls, as above described, intothe cylinder D, the heat and flame rising, of course, upward, and beingsupplied with oxygen through the apertures z t. The throat of the bricklining of said cylinder is narrower than the other part, and rises abovethe upper edge of the cylinder through the top plate, I. This top platehas an opening, through which the throat of the brick lining projects,said opening being provided with a circular flange, w, on the upper sideof the top plate, which flange receives and holdsthe chimney J. The airwhich is admitted through theupper ends of the tubes e (2 passes overthe throat of the brick lining, andjoins the heat from the fire in thechimney J. Over and around the chimney J is placed a cap, K, which restson the top plate, I, a suitable flange being provided on the same tohold said cap. The top of the chimney J be- I in g open, the heat, &c.,passes up through the same, then descends in the cap K around thechimney, and passes from said cap into a box,

L, which I call the conductin g-chamber, the cap K having a suitableaperture for that purpose.

The conducting-chamber L is provided with a damper, .10, so that thesmoke, 850., may be allowed to pass directly out into the pipe G, whichis conducted from the box F through said chamber. Or if the damper m beclosed, then the heat, 850., will pass through the pipe M, which leadsupward into another cap, K, of the same size and shape as the cap K, andalso placed on the top plate, I. The smoke, heat, &c., having in thismanner been conducted into the cap K, it descends and passes downwardthrough an aperture, y, in the top plate into the cylinder 0, fromwhence it passes through an opening at the bottom of said cylinder intothe box F and out through the pipe G.

It will thus be seen that the products of combustion from the fire inthe cylinderD, increased in volume by the air admitted through the tubes6 e, ascend and descend through a long tortuous passage, making a largeradiating-surface, and heating the room with less fuel than any otherstove now in use.

By the introduction of the currents of air at the point where thecombustion is to take place, it will be seen that the products ofcombustion which are usually lost are economized, and the heat whichpasses up from the fire is not lost, but in its passage through thechimney, then down around the same, up again through the pipe M, downthrough the cap K and drum 0, heats all these parts, and makes a vastlyincreased radiating surface. The heat, &c., which is usually lost bypassing up the chimney, is in this manner almost entirely saved.

It will also be seen that by placing a feeder on the outside of thestove proper, as above set forth, the said feeder can be filled withfuel, which then passes into the cylinder D up to its mouth. The fuel inthe feeder, by the heat from the fire, becomes beforehand thoroughlyprepared for combustion, so that as the ashes fall down through thegrate f and the fire settles down, the fuel will keep on falling downfrom the feeder and at once ignite. If the fuel should choke in themouth of the stove, it will only be necessary to insert a poker betweenthe bottoms 0 and t of the feeder, when it can be at once cleared.

The currents of air passing up through the tubes 0 0, over the throat ofthe brick lining, and up the chimney J produce a steady and strongdraft. This draft may be regulated by the slide 0, on the under side ofthe bottom plate, A, as said slide increases or-lessens the size of theapertures 12 I), through which the air is admitted into the tubes 0 e.

I do not confine myself to any particular material for making my stove;but I prefer to make the bottom and top plates of cast-iron, also thelower part of the cylinder B, but the balance of the stove ofsheet-iron. Neither do I confine myself particularly to brick lining,

suitable material.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with a double stove having a combustion and a hot-airchamber, an exterior fuel chamber or feeder, to automati cally feed thefuel and prepare the same for combustion. substantially as specified,

2. In combination with the cylinder D of a double stove, supplying itsinterior with a firebrick or equivalent lining from the grate to thetop, and forming a contracted throat under an elevated hot-air chimney,J, which is incased in a surrounding cap, K, all substantially for thepurposes set forth.

3. The bottom plate, A, provided with apertures b b, regulated by aslide, 0, on the under side, and provided with flanges a a on its upperside to receive and secure the cylinders G D, substantially asspecified.

4. In combination with the base-plate A, as

as this lining may be made of fire clay or other I constructed, and thebrick-lined cylinder D,

as specified, the vertical pipes e c, with openings i, substantially asspecified.

5. The arrangement of the grate f, flange g, plate h, and supports k k,all substantially as described.

'6. The conducting-chamber L, constructed, as described, with damper as,so that the heat, 820., may be conducted at will either into thechimney-flue or into a heating-drum, substantially as shown anddescribed.

7. In combination with the cylinder I), chimney J, cap K, andconducting-chamber L, the pipe M, cap K, and drum 0, or theirequivalents, all constructed and operating substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this9th day of March, 1869.

WM. P. HALL.

Witnesses:

J. M. MASON, LEOPOLD EVERT.

